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PONARS Eurasia
PONARS Eurasia
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Imaginary Terrorism? The Global War on Terror and the Narrative of the Uyghur Terrorist Threat

  • May 7, 2013
  • PONARS Eurasia
Working Paper Author:
Sean Roberts
Working Paper Publisher:
George Washington University
Working Paper Publication Year:
March 2012
Working Paper Cover Image:

Working Paper PDF:
Roberts_WorkingPaper_March2012.pdf
Working Paper Description:
Since U.S. President George W. Bush declared war on “terrorism” in 2001, the People’s Republic of China (PRC) has continually suggested that it is fighting its own “war on terror” against militants among the Uyghurs, a Muslim minority, which has a long history of resisting Chinese rule over its self proclaimed homeland in the PRC’s Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region (XUAR). Unlike America’s highly visible and externally focused anti terrorism efforts in Iraq and Afghanistan, China’s War on terror has received little attention outside the PRC because it has been mostly waged over the last ten years in a relatively isolated part of the country.

As this paper suggests, however, the entire premise of China’s “war on terror” is problematic because it remains unclear whether a militant Uyghur organization even exists that is capable of carrying out substantial and organized acts of terrorism. Furthermore, as the paper also argues, the questionable nature of the PRC’s counterterrorism activities has been obscured by international actions and “expert analysis” that have helped to reaffirm and perpetuate the narrative promoted by the PRC about the terrorist threat it faces from the Uyghurs. This has had grave consequences for the Uyghurs both inside and outside China, who by most independent accounts have suffered extensive restrictions on their human rights as a result of PRC counterterrorism policies during the last ten years. In this context, the paper seeks to critically examine the creation and reproduction of the prevailing narrative about Uyghur terrorism that has been presented to the international community while seeking to provide a more cautious and evidence based evaluation of the threat Uyghur militants pose both to China and the world.

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